Three studies on permanency outcomes for children adopted or placed in guardianship from the foster care system all found that multiple placements while in foster care was a risk factor for a disrupted adoption or guardianship placement. Each study found other risk and protective factors, but the one consistent finding was that multiple placements in foster care are not in the best interest of children. The first study titled “Predicting re-involvement for children adopted o

This is a literature review of the empirical research on the impact of openness in adoption on adoptees placed in voluntary infant adoption. The review covers the research from 1990 to 2009, and concludes the empirical evidence shows that adoptees in open adoptions have better psychosocial outcomes than adoptees in semi-open and closed adoptions. Keywords: open adoption, adoption, adoptees, infant adoption A Literature Review of the Empirical Research on the Impact of Opennes